pvision solved (texture-value ramp) + i860/hardware reverse-engineering
Predator/IR vision: reverse-engineered from the original firmware and
confirmed by the build team -- it is the Division board's TEXTURE-VALUE RAMP
mode (a "check your texture maps" diagnostic the devs hijacked), NOT a
grayscale squash or a false-colour palette. Located in VREND.MNG (effect
handler @0xe6c0, wire action 0x1b, type -1 ON / -2 OFF); ramp colours from
VR_DRAW.C. Renderer reworked to match: vrview_gl now does the 4-ramp
lerp(color0,color1,luminance(texel)) in the mesh pass (grayscale+defog
removed). Live-rendered on a new night-clear arena egg; crew A/B verdict
pending.
Firmware-decomp toolchain (emulator/firmware-decomp/), all built from the
project's own artifacts and validated:
- coff860.py i860 COFF reader (symbols/sections), names match AS860 source
- derive860.py derives the i860 opcode map from matched .S<->.O pairs
- dis860.py i860 disassembler (98% on clean ground truth; proven on
VREND.MNG -- velocirender_statistics decodes correctly)
- sigmatch860.py reloc-invariant signature matcher onto the stripped image
- i860-encoding.md / FIRMWARE-SYMBOLS.txt / README.md
PVISION-IMPLEMENTATION-GUIDE.md: self-contained hand-off for the BT411 team.
HARDWARE-ARCHITECTURE.md + hardware-photos/ (15 board shots): the Division
VelociRender card is a 2-board stack driving a 3-processor pipeline --
INMOS IMS T425-J25S (comms/control, runs vrendmon.btl) + Intel i860 XP-50 (FP
geometry, runs vrender.mng) + Division PXPL IGC 5.2 ASIC with ~48x PXPL EMC
5.1 (UNC Pixel-Planes-5 SIMD array; "EMC" = the firmware's configEMCs) +
Analog Devices ADV7150 RAMDAC + NTSC. Plus the VWE Video Distribution Board
(P/N 1404: AMD MACH130 + 3x Brooktree Bt477) for the 3-VGA-head cockpit split.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
Claude Fable 5
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"""Empirically derive the i860 opcode table from matched .S (PGI/AS860 assembly)
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and .O (COFF machine code) pairs. Byte-accounting is proven correct by
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cross-checking every .S label against its .O symbol offset; only then is the
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op6->mnemonic harvest trusted."""
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import sys, struct, re, glob, os
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sys.path.insert(0, r'C:\VWE\TeslaRel410\emulator\firmware-decomp')
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from coff860 import parse
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DATASZ = {'.long':4, '.word':4, '.int':4, '.float':4, '.single':4,
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'.double':8, '.short':2, '.half':2, '.byte':1, '.string':None}
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def parse_S(path):
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"""Return (labels{name:off}, instrs[(off,mnem,line)]) for the .text section."""
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labels, instrs = {}, []
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off = 0; sect = '.text'; in_text = True
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for raw in open(path, encoding='latin1'):
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line = raw.split('//', 1)[0].rstrip()
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s = line.strip()
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if not s:
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continue
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# label(s): possibly "name:" / "name::" possibly followed by an instr
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while True:
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m = re.match(r'^([A-Za-z_.$][\w.$]*)::?\s*(.*)$', s)
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if m and (m.group(2) == '' or not m.group(2).startswith('.')) and ':' in s[:m.end(1)+2]:
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# confirm it's really a label (colon right after the name)
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after = s[m.end(1):]
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if after.startswith('::') or after.startswith(':'):
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if in_text: labels[m.group(1)] = off
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s = after.lstrip(':').strip()
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if not s: break
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continue
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break
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if not s:
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continue
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if s.startswith('.'):
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d = s.split()[0].lower()
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if d in ('.text',): sect='.text'; in_text=True
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elif d in ('.data','.bss','.section'): sect=d; in_text=False
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elif d == '.align' and in_text:
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n = int(s.split()[1]); off = (off + n - 1) & ~(n - 1)
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elif d in DATASZ and in_text:
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sz = DATASZ[d]
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if sz is None: # .string -> count bytes incl NUL
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txt = s[s.index('"')+1:s.rindex('"')]
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off += len(txt.encode('latin1').decode('unicode_escape')) + 1
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else:
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vals = s[len(d):].split(',')
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off += sz * len([v for v in vals if v.strip()])
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# other directives: no size
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continue
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if in_text:
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mnem = s.split()[0]
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instrs.append((off, mnem, s))
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off += 4
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return labels, instrs
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def load_text(opath):
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o = parse(opath); d = open(opath, 'rb').read()
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text = syms = None
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for (name, vaddr, size, scnptr, nreloc, sf) in o['sections']:
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if name == '.text': text = d[scnptr:scnptr+size]
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syms = {nm: v for (nm, v, sn, ty, sc, na) in o['syms'] if sn == 1 and sc in (2,3)}
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return text, syms
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def derive(spath, opath, table):
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labels, instrs = parse_S(spath)
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text, syms = load_text(opath)
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# cross-check label offsets vs symbol table
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common = [k for k in labels if k in syms]
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good = [k for k in common if labels[k] == syms[k]]
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bad = [(k, labels[k], syms[k]) for k in common if labels[k] != syms[k]]
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tag = os.path.basename(opath)
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print(f"[{tag}] instrs={len(instrs)} textwords={len(text)//4} "
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f"labels_ok={len(good)}/{len(common)}", end='')
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if bad:
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print(f" MISALIGNED e.g. {bad[:3]}")
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return False
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print(" ALIGNED")
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for (off, mnem, line) in instrs:
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if off + 4 > len(text): break
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w = struct.unpack_from('<I', text, off)[0]
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op6 = (w >> 26) & 0x3f
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table.setdefault(op6, {}).setdefault(mnem, 0)
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table[op6][mnem] += 1
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return True
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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base = r'C:\VWE\TeslaRel410\sda4\DPL3\VRENDER\AS860'
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pairs = []
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for s in glob.glob(os.path.join(base, '*.S')):
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o = s[:-2] + '.O'
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if os.path.exists(o): pairs.append((s, o))
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table = {}
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for s, o in sorted(pairs):
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try: derive(s, o, table)
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except Exception as e: print(f"[{os.path.basename(o)}] ERROR {e}")
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print("\n=== derived op6 -> mnemonic(count) ===")
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for op6 in sorted(table):
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items = sorted(table[op6].items(), key=lambda x: -x[1])
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print(f" {op6:#04x} ({op6:06b}): " + ", ".join(f"{m}×{c}" for m,c in items))
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