commit b1753964b2b6d72b0aff2e4f94d24314ddb6407a Author: Cyd Date: Sun Jul 19 13:27:36 2026 -0500 Hardware docs: board photos, schematic scan, GAL fuse dump Organize the restoration source material under docs/hardware/: - 9 board photos (renamed from Signal timestamps, index in README) - Scans_018-014.pdf: 7-sheet VWE schematic set (RIO_1407 CPU/power/IO, PBE_1401 buttons, KEY_1402 keypad, DSP_1408 display, AMP_PLT 1413 amp) - GAL20v8a_5764.JED: fuse map of the 1407's U7 memory decoder README documents the board family, the 68HC11 memory map decode path, the pod-bus signal set and jumper addressing, and cross-links PROTOCOL.md and rio-firmware/. Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..50864f86 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,152 @@ +# RIO cockpit hardware — boards, schematics, GAL dump + +Physical documentation of the VWE Tesla-cockpit **RIO** (Remote Input/Output) +board set, gathered during the 2026 restoration: board photos (Signal, +2026-07-15), a scan of the original paper wire schematics, and the fuse map +read out of the RIO board's GAL address decoder. + +All boards are **Copyright 1994 V.W.E. Inc.** — the schematic title blocks +spell it out: **Virtual World Entertainment, 1100 W Cermak Suite B404, +Chicago, Illinois**, every sheet and silkscreen credited **"Design by M.C."** +Schematic plots are dated 1/11/1996 (peripheral boards) and 6/26/1996 (RIO +board), so these drawings post-date the Rev. 0/1 boards they describe. + +## Board family + +| P/N | Title | Rev photographed | Key silicon | +|-----|-------|------------------|-------------| +| **1407** | RIO board ("CPU board") | Rev. 3 | Toshiba **TMP68HC11** @ 8 MHz, GAL20V8A decoder, 27C512 EPROM, LH52B256 32K SRAM, 5× HCTL-2016 | +| **1401** | Buttons board | Rev. 0 | 2× UCN5821A lamp drivers, 2× 74HCT165, 74HCT164, 74LS00/05 | +| **1402** | Keypad board | Rev. 1 | 2× 74HCT164, CD74HCT165, 74LS00/05 | +| **1408** | Display board ("RIO external display") | Rev. 1 | Intersil **ICM7228B** 8-digit driver, 8× LTS313A 7-segment | +| **1413** | Amplifier board | *(schematic only, not photographed)* | 4-channel speaker filter/check board, 12 VDC 5 A | + +Plus the cockpit position sensors: **HP HEDS-5700** two-channel quadrature +optical encoders (option code **I** = 512 counts/rev; the photographed unit is +date-coded 9515, Singapore), one per analog axis, read by the five HCTL-2016 +counters on the RIO board (`OPT1`–`OPT5` = stick X/Y, throttle, left/right +pedals). + +## RIO board 1407 (schematic sheets 1–3, `RIO_1407`) + +**Sheet 1 — CPU : Memory Decoder.** The TMP68HC11 runs in expanded +multiplexed mode: a 74HCT573 latches A[0:7] off the AD bus, and **U7 — drawn +as a 20L8, fitted as a GAL20V8A-15LP** — decodes A[8:15] into `ROM_SEL*` +(27C512 EPROM, U10), `RAM_SEL*` (LH52B256-70LL 32K SRAM, U11), `PH_SEL*` +(HCTL-2016 bank via two 74LS138s), `DSP_SEL*` (external display port) and +`BND_SEL` (I/O-interface latch, sheet 3). Each HCTL-2016 feeds a 5-pin +header (`J4`–`J8`) carrying CHA/CHB from a HEDS-5700. The DB9 COM port goes +through a MAX231/MAX232-class level shifter; the schematic's `IN_RESET*` from +the serial side is the hardware behind the **DTR reset pulse** described in +[PROTOCOL.md](../PROTOCOL.md) §1. The "display interface" block (ALS541 +buffers, HEADER14) exports latched data lines `HD[00:04]` + digit address +`AS0-2` to the display board — this is a memory-mapped port, *not* the pod +bus. A 22V10 site (U31) is drawn mostly N/C and is **unpopulated** on the +photographed board. + +**Sheet 2 — Power & Reset Interface.** A MAX690 supervisor provides +power-fail reset and a **watchdog (WDI)**; reset can also come from the +front-panel `RESET` toggle (SW1) or remotely through an **H11L1 optocoupler** +fed from an isolated 3-pin `+5 VDC` input (J8) — the game PC can hard-reset +the board. The `ABORT` toggle (SW2) pulls the HC11 `IRQ*`. A 74LS241 drives +the status LED bank: `POWER ON`, `FAULT`, `RESET`, `RUN`, `TX`, `RX`. Power +enters on J9 through 5 A/10 A fuses, LC filters and 1N5341B clamp zeners, +producing separate logic `VCC` and peripheral `VCC_EXT` rails. + +**Sheet 3 — I/O Interface ("pod bus").** Eight identical 16-pin IDC ports +(`J11`–`J18`) fan out through ALS541 buffers and SIP resistor packs. All +ports share the outbound signals; each port has its own return line +(`DI[0..7]`, selected by a 74LS138 from `SEL0-2`) and its own buffered +brightness line (`BRT_CTR0-7`, all copies of one PWM signal). A 74HC574 +latch written via `BND_SEL` holds the bus control bits (`SEL0-2`, `RD_SB`, +`WR_SB`, `D_OUT`, `CCK`) — so the firmware bit-bangs the bus by rewriting +this latch. + +### Pod bus signal set (per port) + +| Signal | Direction | Purpose | +|--------|-----------|---------| +| `CCK` | RIO → pod | shift clock | +| `DD_IN` | RIO → pod | serial data into the pod's 74HCT164s (address select + payload) | +| `WR_SB` | RIO → pod | write strobe (latch lamp/display data) | +| `RD_SB` | RIO → pod | read strobe (parallel-load the pod's 74HCT165) | +| `DD_OUT` | pod → RIO | serial readback, **open-collector 74LS05** so pods can share a cable | +| `BRT_CTR` | RIO → pod | global lamp-brightness PWM, gates the UCN5821A output enable | +| `VCC_EXT`, GND | — | peripheral power rail | + +Every pod board carries a 74HCT164 whose parallel outputs go to an +**`ADR. SEL.` jumper block (`A-0`…`A-7`)**: the RIO shifts an address +pattern down the cable, the jumper picks which bit this board answers to, +and 74LS00 gates qualify `RD_SB`/`WR_SB` with that selection. This +hardware addressing is what the 0x00–0x6F logical input map in +[PROTOCOL.md](../PROTOCOL.md) ultimately resolves to. + +## Peripheral boards + +- **1401 Buttons board** (`PBE_1401`) — eight 4-pin connectors (`J3`–`J10`), + pinout `1 = buttons GND, 2 = button in, 3 = lamps +5V, 4 = lamps logic GND`. + Two UCN5821A serial-in latched sink drivers light the button lamps + (brightness = `BRT_CTR` PWM on their OE), two 74HCT165s read the buttons + back, one of them also echoing board status/address. +- **1402 Keypad board** (`KEY_1402`) — hosts the COTS 16-key hex pad (0–F) + on an 8-line header (4×4 matrix). A second 74HCT164 drives the matrix + rows through open-collector 74LS05 inverters; the 74HCT165 reads the four + columns (`IN0-3`, 2.7K pull-ups) plus a board-detect line `BRD_DT*`. +- **1408 Display board** (`DSP_1408`) — ICM7228B decoding `HD[00:04]` + + `AS0-2` + `WR` from the RIO's dedicated 14-pin *external display* port into + eight LTS313A digits (hex/code-B). The board also has a 26-pin **"IBM + printer port"** header with series resistors and per-line LEDs — a + diagnostic tap so a PC parallel port can exercise/observe the display bus. + Silkscreen reads "P/N 140B" but the schematic title block confirms **1408**. +- **1413 Amplifier board** (`AMP_PLT`) — four channels (front/back × + left/right): LC crossover filtering (820 µH/180 µH), 4 Ω 5 W loads, 6-pin + woofer/midrange/tweeter speaker connectors, a 12 VDC 5 A supply input, and + a green/red "speaker outputs checking circuit" per channel. + +## GAL dump — [`gal/GAL20v8a_5764.JED`](gal/GAL20v8a_5764.JED) + +Fuse map read 2023-03-09 from **U7 on the 1407 board** (GAL20V8A-15LP, +hand-labeled **"5764"** — which matches the JEDEC fuse checksum `*C5764`, the +source of the file name). Per sheet 1 it is the CPU **memory decoder** +(drawn as a 20L8). Follow-up: run the JED through `jedutil`/`galette` to +recover the boolean equations and cross-check the decoded memory map against +the firmware disassembly in [`rio-firmware/`](../../rio-firmware/). + +## Schematic scan — [`schematics/Scans_018-014.pdf`](schematics/Scans_018-014.pdf) + +| PDF page | Sheet | Title block | +|----------|-------|-------------| +| 1 | RIO_1407 sheet 1/3 | CPU : Memory Decoder | +| 2 | RIO_1407 sheet 2/3 | Power & Reset Interface | +| 3 | RIO_1407 sheet 3/3 | I/O Interface | +| 4 | PBE_1401 1/1 | Buttons Board | +| 5 | AMP_PLT (P/N 1413) 1/1 | Amplifier Board | +| 6 | KEY_1402 1/1 | Keypad Board | +| 7 | DSP_1408 1/1 | Display Board | + +## Photo index ([`photos/`](photos/)) + +Original Signal filenames preserved here for provenance (all taken +2026-07-15). + +| File | Original | Shows | +|------|----------|-------| +| `encoder-heds5700-control-assembly.jpeg` | `signal-2026-07-15-093011.jpeg` | HP HEDS-5700 I02 encoder (9515 A, Singapore) on a control-mechanism shaft | +| `display-board-1408-front-digits.jpeg` | `signal-2026-07-15-093017.jpeg` | Display board digit side, 8× LTS313A (U2–U9), PCB etch NT 1-0 5094 | +| `display-board-1408-back-driver.jpeg` | `signal-2026-07-15-093023.jpeg` | Display board driver side: ICM7228BIPI (date 9438), 16-pin IDC, "RIO EXTERNAL DISPLAY / P/N 140B REV. 1" | +| `keypad-1402-front-keys.jpeg` | `signal-2026-07-15-093032.jpeg` | 16-key hex keypad module (keys 0–F), front bezel | +| `keypad-board-1402-back-logic.jpeg` | `signal-2026-07-15-093038.jpeg` | Keypad board logic: DM74LS00N, 2× MM74HCT164N, SN74LS05N, CD74HCT165E, ADR. SEL. jumpers, "P/N 1402 REV. 1" | +| `buttons-board-1401-solder-side.jpeg` | `signal-2026-07-15-093045.jpeg` | Buttons board solder side, PCB etch NT 1-0 3695 | +| `buttons-board-1401-component-side.jpeg` | `signal-2026-07-15-093051.jpeg` | Buttons board: 2× CD74HCT165E, 74HCT00AP, 2× UCN5821A-type drivers, 74HCT164N, 8× lamp/button connectors, "P/N 1401 REV. 0" | +| `rio-board-1407-solder-side.jpeg` | `signal-2026-07-15-093058.jpeg` | RIO board solder side, PCB etch NT 3-0 4996 | +| `rio-board-1407-component-side.jpeg` | `signal-2026-07-15-093105.jpeg` | RIO board: TMP68HC11 QFP, GAL20V8A ("5764" sticker), AM27C512 EPROM, LH52B256 SRAM, 5× HCTL-2016 + OPT1–5, J11–J18 pod ports, status LEDs, "P/N 1407 REV. 3" | + +## Cross-references + +- [`../PROTOCOL.md`](../PROTOCOL.md) — the 9600 8N1 wire protocol this + hardware speaks; its DTR reset pulse and 0x00–0x6F input map both have + their physical explanation above. +- [`../../rio-firmware/`](../../rio-firmware/) — v4.2 EPROM dump (from the + AM27C512 at U10) and 68HC11 disassembly/patches. +- [`../Win32RIO/`](../Win32RIO/) — FASA's original Windows driver for the + same hardware. diff --git a/gal/GAL20v8a_5764.JED b/gal/GAL20v8a_5764.JED new file mode 100644 index 00000000..fb43e5c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/gal/GAL20v8a_5764.JED @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ + +Device : GAL20V8A +Created By: http://www.autoelectric.cn +Date : 2023-03-09 19:02 +*QP24 +*QF2706 +*G0 +*F0 +*L00000 11111111111111111111111111111111 +*L00032 11111111111111011111111111111111 +*L00064 11111111110111110000000000000000 +*L00320 11111111111111111111111111111111 +*L00352 11111111111111111111111111111111 +*L00384 11111110111111110000000000000000 +*L00640 11111111111111111111111111111111 +*L00672 11111111100101111011101110111011 +*L00704 10111011101101110000000000000000 +*L00960 11111111111111111111111111111111 +*L00992 11111111111001111111111111111111 +*L01024 11111111110111110110111111111111 +*L01056 11111111111111111101111110011011 +*L01088 11111111111111111111111111011111 +*L01280 11111111111111111111111111111111 +*L01312 11111111100101101011101110111011 +*L01344 10111011100110010000000000000000 +*L01600 11111111111111111111111111111111 +*L01632 11111111100101101011101110111011 +*L01664 10111011100110100000000000000000 +*L02240 11111111111111111111111111111111 +*L02272 11111111010111111111111111111111 +*L02304 11111111111111110000000000000000 +*L02560 01000000010101010011011100101110 +*L02592 00101110001011100010111000000000 +*L02624 00000000111111111111111111111111 +*L02656 11111111111111111111111111111111 +*L02688 111111111111111111 +*C5764 +*F676 diff --git a/photos/buttons-board-1401-component-side.jpeg b/photos/buttons-board-1401-component-side.jpeg new file mode 100644 index 00000000..90f32c33 Binary files /dev/null and b/photos/buttons-board-1401-component-side.jpeg differ diff --git a/photos/buttons-board-1401-solder-side.jpeg b/photos/buttons-board-1401-solder-side.jpeg new file mode 100644 index 00000000..1aead52a Binary files /dev/null and b/photos/buttons-board-1401-solder-side.jpeg differ diff --git a/photos/display-board-1408-back-driver.jpeg b/photos/display-board-1408-back-driver.jpeg new file mode 100644 index 00000000..bd555693 Binary files /dev/null and b/photos/display-board-1408-back-driver.jpeg differ diff --git a/photos/display-board-1408-front-digits.jpeg b/photos/display-board-1408-front-digits.jpeg new file mode 100644 index 00000000..111ad665 Binary files /dev/null and b/photos/display-board-1408-front-digits.jpeg differ diff --git a/photos/encoder-heds5700-control-assembly.jpeg b/photos/encoder-heds5700-control-assembly.jpeg new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b29bf359 Binary files /dev/null and b/photos/encoder-heds5700-control-assembly.jpeg differ diff --git a/photos/keypad-1402-front-keys.jpeg b/photos/keypad-1402-front-keys.jpeg new file mode 100644 index 00000000..89dae75c Binary files /dev/null and b/photos/keypad-1402-front-keys.jpeg differ diff --git a/photos/keypad-board-1402-back-logic.jpeg b/photos/keypad-board-1402-back-logic.jpeg new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9c7b46cf Binary files /dev/null and b/photos/keypad-board-1402-back-logic.jpeg differ diff --git a/photos/rio-board-1407-component-side.jpeg b/photos/rio-board-1407-component-side.jpeg new file mode 100644 index 00000000..471dfde4 Binary files /dev/null and b/photos/rio-board-1407-component-side.jpeg differ diff --git a/photos/rio-board-1407-solder-side.jpeg b/photos/rio-board-1407-solder-side.jpeg new file mode 100644 index 00000000..3993e1ee Binary files /dev/null and b/photos/rio-board-1407-solder-side.jpeg differ diff --git a/schematics/Scans_018-014.pdf b/schematics/Scans_018-014.pdf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..be55baba Binary files /dev/null and b/schematics/Scans_018-014.pdf differ