Cyd
def5840e07
Board firmware dumps, disassembly, make_patch.py, patched images (RIO 4.3 + FastRIO), analysis, and bench testlogs — moved from the RIOjoy repo into the Tesla cockpit restoration archive. git-subtree-dir: restoration/rio-firmware git-subtree-mainline:6c0dfcf792git-subtree-split:4fb91775fc
196 lines
9.6 KiB
Python
196 lines
9.6 KiB
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
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"""Apply the RIO v4.2 reply-wedge fix to RIOv4_2.bin -> RIOv4_2_patched.bin.
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Fix (see RIOv4_2-ANALYSIS.md): clear the reply-in-progress latch $2521 on
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EVERY reply teardown, not just the $2522-gated success path.
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1. Give-up path: redirect $D9DD `JMP $DA2F` to a stub at free ROM $DFF0
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that clears $2521/$2522 then continues to $DA2F.
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2. Success path: make $DA00's clear of $2521/$2522 unconditional.
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With --baud31250, additionally retune the SCI from 9600 to 31250 baud
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(-> RIOv4_2_patched_31250.bin): the init at $D62A loads BAUD ($102B) with
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$30 (prescale /13, divider /1 -> 2MHz E / (16*13) = 9615). $02 selects
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prescale /1, divider /4 -> 2MHz / (16*4) = 31250 exactly. One operand
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byte at $D62B. NOTE: 31250 is a non-standard rate — FTDI-class USB
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adapters produce it exactly; classic 16550 UARTs cannot. The native
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games still expect 9600, so a 31250 chip is bench/RIOJoy-only until the
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games are patched.
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Each edit asserts the exact original bytes first, so a wrong assumption
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aborts instead of corrupting the image. Address == file offset.
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"""
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import sys, hashlib
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# Baud retunes: flag -> (BAUD register value, ACK-wait ticks for ~12.8ms, name).
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# The ACK-wait loop self-clocks in byte times (see edit 4), so each rate needs
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# its own tick count to hold the same ~12.8ms wall-clock ACK grace window.
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BAUD_OPTS = {
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"--baud31250": (0x02, 0x28, "31250"), # /1 /4 -> 31250 (40 ticks)
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"--baud62500": (0x01, 0x50, "62500"), # /1 /2 -> 62500 (80 ticks)
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"--baud125000": (0x00, 0xA0, "125000"), # /1 /1 -> 125000 (160 ticks)
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}
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selected = [f for f in BAUD_OPTS if f in sys.argv]
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assert len(selected) <= 1, f"pick one baud flag, got {selected}"
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BAUD_VAL, ACKWAIT_VAL, BAUD_NAME = BAUD_OPTS[selected[0]] if selected else (None, None, None)
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# --widen-ackwait: required semantics for 62500/125000 (implied there); optional
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# for 31250 to keep the historical v1 image reproducible.
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WIDEN_ACKWAIT = "--widen-ackwait" in sys.argv or BAUD_NAME in ("62500", "125000")
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assert not ("--widen-ackwait" in sys.argv) or selected, \
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"--widen-ackwait only makes sense with a baud retune (the wait is byte-scaled)"
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# --e0thresh[=N]: gate the E0 error display (see edit 5). Default N=5.
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E0T = None
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for a in sys.argv:
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if a.startswith("--e0thresh"):
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E0T = int(a.split("=", 1)[1]) if "=" in a else 5
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assert E0T is None or 1 <= E0T <= 255, f"--e0thresh out of range: {E0T}"
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# --checkrepaint: repaint the display after the CheckRequest self-test (edit 6).
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CHECKREPAINT = "--checkrepaint" in sys.argv
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assert not CHECKREPAINT or E0T is not None, \
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"--checkrepaint requires --e0thresh (it re-renders E0 via the gated $D5F2)"
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# --reportversion=M.N (edit 7): the major.minor bytes the VersionReply returns.
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REPORTVER = None
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for a in sys.argv:
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if a.startswith("--reportversion="):
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REPORTVER = tuple(int(x) for x in a.split("=", 1)[1].split("."))
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assert len(REPORTVER) == 2 and all(0 <= v <= 127 for v in REPORTVER), \
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f"--reportversion must be M.N with 7-bit values: {REPORTVER}"
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args = [a for a in sys.argv[1:] if not a.startswith("--")]
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SRC = args[0] if len(args) > 0 else "RIOv4_2.bin"
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if len(args) > 1:
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DST = args[1]
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elif BAUD_NAME == "31250":
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DST = "RIOv4_2_patched_31250v2.bin" if WIDEN_ACKWAIT else "RIOv4_2_patched_31250.bin"
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elif BAUD_NAME:
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DST = f"RIOv4_2_patched_{BAUD_NAME}.bin"
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else:
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DST = "RIOv4_2_patched.bin"
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if E0T is not None and len(args) <= 1:
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DST = DST[:-4] + f"_e0t{E0T}.bin"
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if CHECKREPAINT and len(args) <= 1:
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DST = DST[:-4] + "_ckr.bin"
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d = bytearray(open(SRC, "rb").read())
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assert len(d) == 0x10000, f"expected 64KB image, got {len(d)}"
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orig_sha = hashlib.sha256(d).hexdigest()
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assert orig_sha == "60a88718835c654b6135dbec7721c40ef99dca07df2ad4b57eedeb24037a5f73", \
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f"unexpected source image {orig_sha}"
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def patch(addr, expect, new):
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got = bytes(d[addr:addr+len(expect)])
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assert got == bytes(expect), (
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f"@${addr:04X}: expected {got.hex()} to be {bytes(expect).hex()}")
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assert len(new) == len(expect), "length mismatch"
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d[addr:addr+len(new)] = bytes(new)
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# --- edit 1: give-up path redirect ---------------------------------------
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# $D9DD 7E DA 2F JMP $DA2F -> 7E DF F0 JMP $DFF0
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patch(0xD9DD, [0x7E, 0xDA, 0x2F], [0x7E, 0xDF, 0xF0])
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# stub at $DFF0 (was erased $FF): CLR $2521; CLR $2522; JMP $DA2F
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patch(0xDFF0, [0xFF]*8,
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[0x7F, 0x25, 0x21, # CLR $2521
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0x7F, 0x25, 0x22, # CLR $2522
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0x7E, 0xDA]) # JMP $DA2F (hi + first target byte)
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patch(0xDFF8, [0xFF], [0x2F]) # JMP low byte
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# --- edit 2: success teardown, unconditional clear -----------------------
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# $DA21 B6 25 22 LDAA $2522
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# $DA24 81 01 CMPA #$01
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# $DA26 26 06 BNE $DA2E
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# $DA28 7F 25 21 CLR $2521
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# $DA2B 7F 25 22 CLR $2522 (13 bytes $DA21-$DA2D; $DA2E RTS untouched)
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# -> CLR $2521 ; CLR $2522 ; NOP x7
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patch(0xDA21,
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[0xB6,0x25,0x22, 0x81,0x01, 0x26,0x06, 0x7F,0x25,0x21, 0x7F,0x25,0x22],
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[0x7F,0x25,0x21, 0x7F,0x25,0x22, 0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01])
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assert d[0xDA2E] == 0x39, "RTS at $DA2E must be intact"
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# --- edit 3 (--baud31250 only): SCI 9600 -> 31250 --------------------------
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# $D62A 86 30 LDAA #$30 (SCP=/13, SCR=/1) -> 86 02 (SCP=/1, SCR=/4)
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# then STAA $102B (BAUD). 2MHz E-clock: 2e6/(16*13)=9615 -> 2e6/(16*4)=31250.
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if BAUD_VAL is not None:
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assert d[0xD62A] == 0x86 and bytes(d[0xD62C:0xD62F]) == bytes([0xB7,0x10,0x2B]), \
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"expected LDAA #imm ; STAA $102B at $D62A"
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patch(0xD62B, [0x30], [BAUD_VAL])
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# --- edit 4 (--widen-ackwait; implied for 62500/125000): scale the ACK-wait --
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# The no-ACK wait loop at $D9E0 self-clocks in BYTE TIMES: each tick transmits
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# an IDLE ($FF) keep-alive and re-enters on that byte's TX-complete interrupt.
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# The stock limit (4 ticks) = ~5.2ms at 9600 (USB ACK wins) but shrinks with
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# baud (retry storm at 31250; bench 2026-07-18: framing 5655, Abandon 65).
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# Each retune holds the window at ~12.8ms wall clock: 40/80/160 ticks.
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# $D9E6 81 04 CMPA #$04 -> 81 <ticks>
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if WIDEN_ACKWAIT:
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assert d[0xD9E6] == 0x81 and bytes(d[0xD9E3:0xD9E6]) == bytes([0xB6,0x31,0x7B]), \
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"expected LDAA $317B ; CMPA #imm at $D9E3"
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patch(0xD9E7, [0x04], [ACKWAIT_VAL])
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# --- edit 5 (--e0thresh=N): threshold-gate the E0 error display -----------
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# Stock behavior: every increment of $3187 (TX-ring overflow), $3184 (reply
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# retransmit) or $3185 (reply teardown/give-up) immediately calls $D5F2,
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# which paints 'E0'+counters over the F0 banner — so ONE benign give-up
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# shows E0000001 forever. Gate the render: skip unless any counter >= N.
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# $D5F2 prologue (PSHX/PSHA) has already run when we take over its
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# LDX #$2038; the cave may clobber A/X because both exits restore them —
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# below-threshold leaves via the routine's own epilogue at $D61D
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# (PULA/PULX/RTS), at-or-above resumes the render at $D5F7.
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if E0T is not None:
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patch(0xD5F4, [0xCE, 0x20, 0x38], [0x7E, 0xE0, 0x00]) # LDX #$2038 -> JMP $E000
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cave = [0xB6, 0x31, 0x87, # $E000 LDAA $3187 (ring overflows)
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0x81, E0T, # $E003 CMPA #N
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0x24, 0x11, # $E005 BCC $E018 (>=N -> render)
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0xB6, 0x31, 0x84, # $E007 LDAA $3184 (reply retransmits)
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0x81, E0T, # $E00A CMPA #N
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0x24, 0x0A, # $E00C BCC $E018
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0xB6, 0x31, 0x85, # $E00E LDAA $3185 (teardowns/give-ups)
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0x81, E0T, # $E011 CMPA #N
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0x24, 0x03, # $E013 BCC $E018
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0x7E, 0xD6, 0x1D, # $E015 JMP $D61D (below threshold: epilogue)
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0xCE, 0x20, 0x38, # $E018 LDX #$2038 (displaced instruction)
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0x7E, 0xD5, 0xF7] # $E01B JMP $D5F7 (resume render)
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patch(0xE000, [0xFF] * len(cave), cave)
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# --- edit 6 (--checkrepaint): repaint the display after the check self-test --
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# The CheckRequest handler ($C5A6) renders its five-channel encoder sweep to
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# the cockpit display (it sets the test-display flag $2421 for the duration)
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# and returns without repainting, leaving a stale '04 00 <ch4 count>' frame
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# (idle: 04000000) after every status check. Hook its final TestModeChange
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# notify ($C5E4 JSR $C70E) through a cave that also repaints F0000000
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# ($CB7C) and then re-renders the E0 error readout via $D5F2 — which, with
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# the edit-5 gate, paints only when a counter is at/over threshold. Display
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# after any check: F0000000 when healthy, E0... when not.
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if CHECKREPAINT:
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patch(0xC5E4, [0xBD, 0xC7, 0x0E], [0xBD, 0xE0, 0x20]) # JSR $C70E -> JSR $E020
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cave6 = [0xBD, 0xC7, 0x0E, # $E020 JSR $C70E (original notify, kept)
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0xBD, 0xCB, 0x7C, # $E023 JSR $CB7C (repaint F0000000)
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0xBD, 0xD5, 0xF2, # $E026 JSR $D5F2 (E0 readout iff >= threshold)
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0x39] # $E029 RTS
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patch(0xE020, [0xFF] * len(cave6), cave6)
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# --- edit 7 (--reportversion=M.N): version bytes in the VersionReply --------
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# The reply builder at $C6EA loads the payload with LDAA #$04 ($C6F7) and
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# LDAA #$02 ($C6FE) — hardcoded "4.2". Nothing host-side validates the value
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# (legacy app prints it, RIOJoy parses it, native games ignore it — verified
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# by Cyd 2026-07-19), so the christened firmware can announce itself.
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if REPORTVER is not None:
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assert d[0xC6F7] == 0x86 and d[0xC6FE] == 0x86, "expected LDAA #imm pair at $C6F7/$C6FE"
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patch(0xC6F8, [0x04], [REPORTVER[0]])
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patch(0xC6FF, [0x02], [REPORTVER[1]])
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open(DST, "wb").write(d)
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new_sha = hashlib.sha256(d).hexdigest()
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# byte-diff report
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diffs = [(a, orig, d[a]) for a, orig in
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enumerate(open(SRC,"rb").read()) if d[a] != orig]
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print(f"source : {SRC} sha256 {orig_sha}")
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print(f"patched: {DST} sha256 {new_sha}")
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print(f"{len(diffs)} bytes changed:")
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for a, o, n in diffs:
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print(f" ${a:04X}: {o:02X} -> {n:02X}")
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